Encyclopedia of White-Collar and Corporate Crime - Hardcover

Lawrence M. Salinger, Ph.D., is associate professor of criminology and sociology at Arkansas State University. He has earned degrees from the University of California, Irvine; Indiana University; and Washington State University. In addition, he attended the Counter-Terrorism Studies Executive Certificate program at the Interdisciplinary Center in Herzliya, Israel. His interest in the study of crime and criminals began at a very early age when, as a first grader, he read The FBI (1954) by Quentin Reynolds. Salinger’s interests in criminology focus primarily on violent victimization and organizational crime. Organizational crime incorporates three types of criminality: whitecollar and corporate crime, organized crime, and, terrorism. While to the average person these types of crime seem quite diverse, when looked at more closely, they actually have much in common with each other.

For example, all three types of crime revolve around hierarchical organizational structures, with defined roles for each type of actor within the organization. Each type of organization, be it a business, an organized crime family, or a terrorist network, has goals or objectives to strive for, although those goals may be different depending upon the type of organization. All three types of organizational crime involve both legal and illegal behaviors committed by the organizations, with both legal and illegal behaviors funding each other. Finally, all three types of crime impact people’s lives in everyday society.

White-collar and corporate crime have been of interest to Salinger since he took his first course on the topic from Dr. John Braithwaite at the University of California, Irvine, in the 1970s, and was fueled by the likes of Drs. Gil Geis, Henry Pontell, Paul Jesilow, James F. Short, Jr., and Robert Meier. Salinger’s doctoral dissertation, completed in 1992 at Washington State University, analyzed 98 years of antitrust price-fixing violations. While the findings were less than conclusive, some historical trends were noted. For example, the Sherman Antitrust Act was created to reduce restraint of trade and increase competition in the marketplace. However, during the first decade of its existence, the law was used exclusively to prosecute labor union organizers for strikes again corporations, rather than against crooked corporations themselves.

Another example of historical significance was that price-fixing charges against both U.S. and foreign corporations tended to increase in the two to three years before wars, but were then frozen at the request of the Department of Defense (or its predecessor, the War Department) because the companies were crucial to the war effort. After each war, the Department of Justice would drop charges against the American companies, while fully prosecuting the foreign companies.

"...This edition boasts close to 500 entries, including 80 new subjects and revisions to outdated entries from the first version. The clear, authoritative essays...cover a wide range of offenses, including organized crime, drug trafficking, money laundering, bribery, and government corruption....Given the intricacies of many notable cases, this set excels at conveying the complexities that often lead to punishable white-collar offenses....VERDICT: This encyclopedia is not designed for use as a legal reference; its value lies in its fascinating and evenhanded documentation of the most egregious examples of corporate, political, and individual transgression throughout history. Recommended for high school students and adults with an interest in white-collar and corporate crime." -- Jennifer Michaelson, Library Journal Published On: 2013-10-15

"This two-volume encyclopedia has been updated and refined to reflect the changing landscape of white-collar and corporate crime....more than 80 new entries have been added on recent figures (such as Bernie Madoff and Eliot Spitzer) and for crimes and scandals (including Ponzi schemes and WikiLeaks)....This set covers a wide range of topics with entries focused on providing introductory information , making it a useful starting point for researchers. Recommended as a great addition to public, high-school, and undergraduate libraries." -- Kaela Casey, Booklist Published On: 2013-11-01

"...This second edition provides a wealth of information about current and historical issues, focused on "the introductory knowledge that students can utilize."...Several articles from the previous edition were removed and about 80 new signed articles added. This resource provides an understanding of the events, people, and places that define white collar and corporate crime. Summing Up: Recommended. Lower-division undergraduates through graduate students; general readers." -- K. Evans, CHOICE Published On: 2014-01-01